See (s)kelH- on Wiktionary
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{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kl̥-né-H-ti (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "քաղեմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: քաղեմ (kʻałem)\nArmenian: քաղել (kʻałel)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: քաղեմ (kʻałem)\nArmenian: քաղել (kʻałel)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "",
"t": "to split, crack"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: [Term?] (“to split, crack”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: [Term?] (“to split, crack”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "šķil̃t"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: šķil̃t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: šķil̃t"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skìlti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skìlti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skìlti (3sg. skil̃na, skỹlna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skelH-ye-ti (full grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skélˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skélˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skélˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "šķel̂t"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: šķel̂t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: šķel̂t (1sg. šķeļu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skélti",
"t": "to split, cleave; to strike fire"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skélti (“to split, cleave; to strike fire”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skélti (“to split, cleave; to strike fire”) (1sg. skeliù, 3sg. skẽlia)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skiljaną",
"t": "to separate, distinguish"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skiljaną (“to separate, distinguish”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skiljaną (“to separate, distinguish”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skl̥H-yé-ti (zero grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*štšela"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *štšela",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *štšela"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "çel",
"t": "bloom, open, sprout"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: çel (“bloom, open, sprout”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: çel (“bloom, open, sprout”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skílˀtei",
"t": "to strike fire"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skílˀtei (“to strike fire”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skílˀtei (“to strike fire”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "šķil̃t"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: šķil̃t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: šķil̃t (1sg. šķiļu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skìlti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skìlti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skìlti (3sg. skìlia)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*skə́ľľō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *skə́ľľō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"grk-pro\">*skə́llō</i> from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*(s)kl̥néHti</i>, but with greater difficulty"
},
"expansion": "(or *skə́llō from *(s)kl̥néHti, but with greater difficulty)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *skə́ľľō (or *skə́llō from *(s)kl̥néHti, but with greater difficulty)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκάλλω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκάλλω (skállō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκάλλω (skállō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skólH-ei ~ *skl̥H-énti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒅖𒆗𒆷𒄿",
"t": "to slit, split, tear",
"tr": "iš-kal-la-i",
"ts": "iskalla-ⁱ"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒅖𒆗𒆷𒄿 (iš-kal-la-i /iskalla-ⁱ/, “to slit, split, tear”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒅖𒆗𒆷𒄿 (iš-kal-la-i /iskalla-ⁱ/, “to slit, split, tear”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skolH-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*skalā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *skalā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *skalā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "halë",
"t": "pointed tip; awn; splinter; fishbone; pine"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: halë (“pointed tip; awn; splinter; fishbone; pine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: halë (“pointed tip; awn; splinter; fishbone; pine”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skalā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skalā́ˀ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skalā́ˀ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skalà",
"t": "splinter"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skalà (“splinter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skalà (“splinter”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skalō",
"t": "shell, husk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skalō (“shell, husk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skalō (“shell, husk”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*skalu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skalu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skalu"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċealu",
"t": "husk"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sċealu (“husk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sċealu (“husk”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schale",
"t": "shell, husk; scale"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: schale (“shell, husk; scale”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: schale (“shell, husk; scale”)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shale"
},
"expansion": "English: shale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shale"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scale"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scale"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schaal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schaal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schaal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scala"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: scala\nMiddle High German: schāle\nBavarian: Schoin\nGerman: Schale\n→ Serbo-Croatian: šolja\nYiddish: שאָל (shol)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: scala\nMiddle High German: schāle\nBavarian: Schoin\nGerman: Schale\n→ Serbo-Croatian: šolja\nYiddish: שאָל (shol)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "escale",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: escale, eschale\nFrench: écale\n→ Middle English: scale\nEnglish: scale\nYola: skaulès (plural)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: escale, eschale\nFrench: écale\n→ Middle English: scale\nEnglish: scale\nYola: skaulès (plural)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "skal",
"t": "shell; rind; skull"
},
"expansion": "Danish: skal (“shell; rind; skull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: skal (“shell; rind; skull”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skal-",
"t": "testicle",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skal- (“testicle”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skal- (“testicle”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kólH-ō ~ *(s)kl̥H-nés"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skallô",
"3": "*skullô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skallô, *skullô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skallô, *skullô"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skalli",
"3": "*skolli",
"t2": "skull, cranium; bald head"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skalli, *skolli (“skull, cranium; bald head”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skalli, *skolli (“skull, cranium; bald head”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sculle",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Middle English: sculle, scolle; schulle, scholle\nEnglish: skull\nScots: scull, skult, skolt (forms with -t merger with or from Old Norse skoltr)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→? Middle English: sculle, scolle; schulle, scholle\nEnglish: skull\nScots: scull, skult, skolt (forms with -t merger with or from Old Norse skoltr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "skalle"
},
"expansion": "Danish: skalle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: skalle"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skalli"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: skalli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: skalli"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "skalle"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: skalle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: skalle"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "skalle"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skalle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skalle"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "skalle",
"3": "skulle"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: skalle, skulle",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: skalle, skulle (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kelH-tro-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*koltrom",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Italic: *koltrom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Italic: *koltrom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "culter",
"t": "knife"
},
"expansion": "Latin: culter (“knife”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: culter (“knife”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "extended"
},
"expansion": "(extended)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*(s)kel(H)-p- (extended)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skelbǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skelbǭ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skelbǭ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*skelbā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skelbā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skelbā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċylfe",
"3": "*sċielfe",
"4": "sċilfe",
"t1": "deck of a ship",
"t3": "ledge, shelf"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sċylfe (“deck of a ship”), *sċielfe, sċilfe (“ledge, shelf”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sċylfe (“deck of a ship”), *sċielfe, sċilfe (“ledge, shelf”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schelfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: schelfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: schelfe"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shelf"
},
"expansion": "English: shelf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shelf"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scelf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scelf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scelf"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schelf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schelf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schelf"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skjálf",
"t": "shelf, seat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skjálf (“shelf, seat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skjálf (“shelf, seat”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*halbaz",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *halbaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *halbaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκάλοψ",
"3": "σκόλοψ",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: σκάλοψ (skálops), σκόλοψ (skólops)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: σκάλοψ (skálops), σκόλοψ (skólops)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कल्प"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: कल्प (kalpa)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: कल्प (kalpa) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "scalpō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: scalpō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: scalpō, scalprum (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skélH-tus > *skelH-tús"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skelduz",
"t": "shield",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skelduz (“shield”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skelduz (“shield”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skelH-yom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skilją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skilją",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skilją"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skil",
"t": "difference"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skil (“difference”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skil (“difference”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more likely formed within Germanic"
},
"expansion": "(more likely formed within Germanic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*skelH-yōn (more likely formed within Germanic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skiljô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skiljô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skiljô"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰",
"t": "butcher"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 (skilja, “butcher”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 (skilja, “butcher”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skolH-yeh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skaljō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skaljō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skaljō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*skala"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *skala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *skala"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shkal"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: shkal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: shkal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցելում"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ցելում (cʻelum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ցելում (cʻelum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκαληνός",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: σκαληνός (skalēnós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: σκαληνός (skalēnós)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκύλλω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκύλλω (skúllō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκύλλω (skúllō)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)kelH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to cut"
],
"id": "en-(s)kelH--ine-pro-root-1M9vpHcE",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots with s-mobile",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European sCeRH-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to split, to separate"
],
"id": "en-(s)kelH--ine-pro-root-tG5AfeFU",
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "(s)kel-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "(s)kelh₂- Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "(s)kelH- *(s)kelh₃-"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "(s)kelH-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots with s-mobile",
"Proto-Indo-European sCeRH-shape roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kl̥-né-H-ti (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "քաղեմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: քաղեմ (kʻałem)\nArmenian: քաղել (kʻałel)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: քաղեմ (kʻałem)\nArmenian: քաղել (kʻałel)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "",
"t": "to split, crack"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: [Term?] (“to split, crack”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: [Term?] (“to split, crack”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "šķil̃t"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: šķil̃t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: šķil̃t"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skìlti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skìlti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skìlti (3sg. skil̃na, skỹlna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skelH-ye-ti (full grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skélˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skélˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skélˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "šķel̂t"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: šķel̂t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: šķel̂t (1sg. šķeļu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skélti",
"t": "to split, cleave; to strike fire"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skélti (“to split, cleave; to strike fire”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skélti (“to split, cleave; to strike fire”) (1sg. skeliù, 3sg. skẽlia)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skiljaną",
"t": "to separate, distinguish"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skiljaną (“to separate, distinguish”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skiljaną (“to separate, distinguish”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skl̥H-yé-ti (zero grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*štšela"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *štšela",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *štšela"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "çel",
"t": "bloom, open, sprout"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: çel (“bloom, open, sprout”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: çel (“bloom, open, sprout”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skílˀtei",
"t": "to strike fire"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skílˀtei (“to strike fire”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skílˀtei (“to strike fire”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "šķil̃t"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: šķil̃t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: šķil̃t (1sg. šķiļu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skìlti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skìlti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skìlti (3sg. skìlia)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*skə́ľľō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *skə́ľľō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"grk-pro\">*skə́llō</i> from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*(s)kl̥néHti</i>, but with greater difficulty"
},
"expansion": "(or *skə́llō from *(s)kl̥néHti, but with greater difficulty)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *skə́ľľō (or *skə́llō from *(s)kl̥néHti, but with greater difficulty)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκάλλω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκάλλω (skállō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκάλλω (skállō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skólH-ei ~ *skl̥H-énti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒅖𒆗𒆷𒄿",
"t": "to slit, split, tear",
"tr": "iš-kal-la-i",
"ts": "iskalla-ⁱ"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒅖𒆗𒆷𒄿 (iš-kal-la-i /iskalla-ⁱ/, “to slit, split, tear”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒅖𒆗𒆷𒄿 (iš-kal-la-i /iskalla-ⁱ/, “to slit, split, tear”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skolH-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*skalā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *skalā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *skalā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "halë",
"t": "pointed tip; awn; splinter; fishbone; pine"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: halë (“pointed tip; awn; splinter; fishbone; pine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: halë (“pointed tip; awn; splinter; fishbone; pine”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skalā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skalā́ˀ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skalā́ˀ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skalà",
"t": "splinter"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skalà (“splinter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skalà (“splinter”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skalō",
"t": "shell, husk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skalō (“shell, husk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skalō (“shell, husk”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*skalu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skalu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skalu"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċealu",
"t": "husk"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sċealu (“husk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sċealu (“husk”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schale",
"t": "shell, husk; scale"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: schale (“shell, husk; scale”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: schale (“shell, husk; scale”)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shale"
},
"expansion": "English: shale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shale"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scale"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scale"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schaal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schaal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schaal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scala"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: scala\nMiddle High German: schāle\nBavarian: Schoin\nGerman: Schale\n→ Serbo-Croatian: šolja\nYiddish: שאָל (shol)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: scala\nMiddle High German: schāle\nBavarian: Schoin\nGerman: Schale\n→ Serbo-Croatian: šolja\nYiddish: שאָל (shol)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "escale",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: escale, eschale\nFrench: écale\n→ Middle English: scale\nEnglish: scale\nYola: skaulès (plural)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: escale, eschale\nFrench: écale\n→ Middle English: scale\nEnglish: scale\nYola: skaulès (plural)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "skal",
"t": "shell; rind; skull"
},
"expansion": "Danish: skal (“shell; rind; skull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: skal (“shell; rind; skull”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skal-",
"t": "testicle",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skal- (“testicle”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skal- (“testicle”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kólH-ō ~ *(s)kl̥H-nés"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skallô",
"3": "*skullô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skallô, *skullô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skallô, *skullô"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skalli",
"3": "*skolli",
"t2": "skull, cranium; bald head"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skalli, *skolli (“skull, cranium; bald head”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skalli, *skolli (“skull, cranium; bald head”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sculle",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Middle English: sculle, scolle; schulle, scholle\nEnglish: skull\nScots: scull, skult, skolt (forms with -t merger with or from Old Norse skoltr)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→? Middle English: sculle, scolle; schulle, scholle\nEnglish: skull\nScots: scull, skult, skolt (forms with -t merger with or from Old Norse skoltr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "skalle"
},
"expansion": "Danish: skalle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: skalle"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skalli"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: skalli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: skalli"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "skalle"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: skalle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: skalle"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "skalle"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skalle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skalle"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "skalle",
"3": "skulle"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: skalle, skulle",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: skalle, skulle (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kelH-tro-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*koltrom",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Italic: *koltrom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Italic: *koltrom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "culter",
"t": "knife"
},
"expansion": "Latin: culter (“knife”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: culter (“knife”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "extended"
},
"expansion": "(extended)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*(s)kel(H)-p- (extended)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skelbǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skelbǭ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skelbǭ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*skelbā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skelbā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skelbā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċylfe",
"3": "*sċielfe",
"4": "sċilfe",
"t1": "deck of a ship",
"t3": "ledge, shelf"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sċylfe (“deck of a ship”), *sċielfe, sċilfe (“ledge, shelf”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sċylfe (“deck of a ship”), *sċielfe, sċilfe (“ledge, shelf”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schelfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: schelfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: schelfe"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shelf"
},
"expansion": "English: shelf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shelf"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scelf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scelf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scelf"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schelf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schelf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schelf"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skjálf",
"t": "shelf, seat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skjálf (“shelf, seat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skjálf (“shelf, seat”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*halbaz",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *halbaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *halbaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκάλοψ",
"3": "σκόλοψ",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: σκάλοψ (skálops), σκόλοψ (skólops)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: σκάλοψ (skálops), σκόλοψ (skólops)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कल्प"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: कल्प (kalpa)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: कल्प (kalpa) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "scalpō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: scalpō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: scalpō, scalprum (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skélH-tus > *skelH-tús"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skelduz",
"t": "shield",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skelduz (“shield”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skelduz (“shield”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skelH-yom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skilją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skilją",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skilją"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skil",
"t": "difference"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skil (“difference”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skil (“difference”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more likely formed within Germanic"
},
"expansion": "(more likely formed within Germanic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*skelH-yōn (more likely formed within Germanic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skiljô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skiljô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skiljô"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰",
"t": "butcher"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 (skilja, “butcher”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 (skilja, “butcher”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skolH-yeh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skaljō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skaljō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skaljō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*skala"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *skala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *skala"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shkal"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: shkal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: shkal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցելում"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ցելում (cʻelum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ցելում (cʻelum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκαληνός",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: σκαληνός (skalēnós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: σκαληνός (skalēnós)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκύλλω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκύλλω (skúllō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκύλλω (skúllō)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)kelH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to cut"
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to split, to separate"
],
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "(s)kel-"
},
{
"word": "(s)kelh₂- Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European"
},
{
"word": "(s)kelH- *(s)kelh₃-"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "(s)kelH-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.